New test may help rule out heart attack within 15 minutes

Thursday 18 October 2018

New blood test may help rule out heart attack within 15 minutes

A preliminary study of a new, quick and accurate, bedside blood test performed in Emergency Departments (ED) could help reduce the time it takes to rule out heart attacks. The study findings have been published this morning in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA Cardiology)

The study is a collaborative effort between the Canterbury District Health Board (CDHB) and the Christchurch Heart Institute, which is run out of the University of Otago, Christchurch. It has been supported by the Canterbury Medical Research Foundation, the Emergency care Foundation, the Health Research Council and the New Zealand Heart Foundation.

Co-Lead author, Associate Professor John Pickering of the University of Otago, says this exciting development can greatly reduce the time and resource required to assess if somebody is at risk of having a possible heart attack.

“When a patient comes to ED with symptoms that suggest a potential heart-attack, current laboratory blood-testing procedures can take 1-2 hours to reveal the risk level, whereas with this new test we can get a result in just fifteen minutes, from the bedside, or ‘point-of-care’. The patient can then either be cleared to leave, or quickly progressed to specialist cardiac care. The benefits are therefore a speedier diagnosis and treatment, and a reduction in the time and effort current testing procedures require of ED staff, beds, and equipment,” Associate Professor Pickering says.

Senior author, and Emergency Medicine Specialist, Dr Martin Than of the CDHB says current point-of-care tests can lack the precision of this new method that is centred around a measurement of cardiac troponin – a protein in the blood.

“Our results have extremely exciting potential for not only EDs, but also isolated healthcare providers - such as those in rural communities - worldwide. Given the concerning impact Heart Disease and other cardio-vascular conditions have on not only New Zealand society but also internationally, we have something that could benefit tens of millions of patients globally, while also freeing up EDs and isolated healthcare staff and resources,” Dr Than says.

The analysis in this observational study (conducted from 2016-2017) at Christchurch Hospital’s emergency department included about 350 patients with symptoms of a heart attack.

“So far our testing has shown that close to fifty percent of patients could have heart attack safely excluded soon after arrival at the ED. Wider study is in progress and an implementation study across ten District Health Boards in New Zealand is planned for next year,” Dr Than says.

The study was supported by the Canterbury Medical Research Foundation, the Emergency care Foundation, the Health Research Council and the New Zealand Heart Foundation.

The study was supported by a grant from Abbott Point-of-Care, and is also supported by Canterbury Medical Research Foundation, the Emergency care Foundation, the Health Research Council, the New Zealand Heart Foundation along with the Christchurch Heart Institute of University of Otago Christchurch.

Dr Than is supported by a Clinical Research Fellowship from the NZ Health Research Foundation, Associate Professor Pickering is supported by a Senior Research Fellowship in Acute Care from the Emergency Care Foundation, Canterbury Medical Research Foundation, and Canterbury District Health Board. The other co-lead author, Dr Joanna Young, is supported by a Heart Foundation Research Fellowship.

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