It’s No Accident: Oxfam Calls For Radical Change

It’s No Accident: Oxfam Calls For Radical Change In Way World Deals with Ever Increasing Numbers of People At Risk of Calamity

Governments and aid agencies have to tackle the politics and power at the heart of the increasing effects of climate change, rising inequality and people’s vulnerability to disasters, according to a new report published today by international agency Oxfam.

The report, No Accident: Resilience and the inequality of risk, shows that the risk of disaster is being dumped on to millions of people living in poverty while the lifestyles of the rich world and the middle class in emerging countries benefit from relentlessly pumping carbon into the atmosphere. And, while in the rich world the majority of people can cope relatively well with unexpected shocks, most people in poor countries cannot. Some 90 per cent of workers in the least developed countries have no social security and 97 per cent of people on low incomes have no insurance cover, making them highly vulnerable to disasters, food hikes and or illness – 100 million people fall into poverty just because they have to pay for health care. Women are particularly vulnerable because of their economic, political and social status.

The incidence of extreme weather-related events is increasing and more people are living in places that are susceptible to disasters. Since 1970 the number of people exposed to floods and cyclones has doubled.

“Inequality is driving up poor people’s vulnerability. Vulnerability is not a random twist of fate. Risk is actively being dumped on to people. While rich countries reap the benefits of carbon-spewing economic growth, those in the world’s poorer countries suffer the consequences. Aid can help soften the blow but if we are to tackle the injustice of this we have to deal with the inequality of power and politics that make people vulnerable. That means rich countries reducing the risk of climate change, governments everywhere reducing inequalities and giving poor people a voice in decisions that affect their lives. It also means the aid world changing the way it does business and working more effectively at supporting people to cope better with crises,” said Debbie Hillier author of the report.

The report calls for a fundamental shift both in overcoming emergencies and reducing entrenched poverty. It calls on governments and aid agencies to ensure that efforts to boost economic growth are matched by efforts to manage risk and to reduce inequality – they must go hand in hand. National governments must ensure that their poorest citizens are protected in times of crisis and can access essential services like health and education, funded by more progressive taxation.

The aid world, including Oxfam, also needs to change and end the artificial divide between short term disaster response and long term re-building and development work. This will require both a transformation in working culture and much more flexible funding.

The report also goes on to say that development work will not be predominately in stable environments. The world is shifting radically. By 2015, half of all people living on less than $1.25 a day will be in fragile states and conflicts, and millions more will face disasters from global economic or environmental changes that seem out of our control.

Oxfam says that the aid world’s new focus on ‘resilience’ – building poor people’s ability to cope with crises – is far too much focussed on technical fixes and needs to take into account the politics and power that make people vulnerable.

These issues are highly relevant to our Pacific neighbours. Most of the Pacific countries are small, remote and fragile states, coupled with a lack of government programmes for social protection and high vulnerability to natural disasters.

Barry Coates, Executive Director of Oxfam New Zealand, called for changes to the way New Zealand engages with the Pacific. “Dealing with risk and strengthening resilience requires a re-think in government policies towards the Pacific. We need greater coherence in our policies and interventions including more capacity development as part of responding to disasters, building resilience to risk into the core of our aid programming, addressing inequalities and a lack of social protection, and recognising the Pacific’s vulnerability in our government policies on climate change, security and trade negotiations.

“We need to ensure that we are acting to reduce risks faced by the Pacific rather than adding to them,” Coates says.

ENDS

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